JSR是Java Specification Requests的缩写,意思是Java 规范提案。是指向JCP(Java Community Process)提出新增一个标准化技术规范的正式请求。任何人都可以提交JSR,以向Java平台增添新的API和服务。JSR已成为Java界的一个重要标准。
一、引入maven
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
二、常用注解
注意事项:
-
Controller类上需要加@Validated注解
-
入参是对象时,需要加上@Valid
@RestController @RequestMapping( "/test") @Validated public class TestController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/queryName", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String queryName(@NotNull(message = "name not null") String name) { return name; } @RequestMapping(value = "/queryMan", method = RequestMethod.POST) public Man queryMan(@Valid Man man, BindingResult bindingResult) { return man; }
}
三、统一异常处理
- 校验注解使用在实体参数上时,spring抛出org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException异常。
- 校验注解使用在方法入参上时,spring抛出javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException异常。
针对上述两种情况,可以做统一的拦截并封装成统一的系统异常
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.linbo.demo.validator.bean.HttpResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.validation.ObjectError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@ControllerAdvice
@ResponseBody
@Slf4j
public class DefaultExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(value = {MethodArgumentNotValidException.class})
public HttpResult<Object> springValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
List<ObjectError> allErrors = e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors();
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
allErrors.forEach(error -> {
String objectName = ((FieldError) error).getField();
String message = error.getDefaultMessage();
buf.append(objectName).append(":").append(message).append(", ");
});
int len = buf.length();
if (len > 1) {
buf.delete(len - 2, len);
}
HttpResult<Object> data = HttpResult.builder()
.code("400")
.message(buf.toString())
.build();
log.warn("参数校验错误: {}", data);
return data;
}
@ExceptionHandler(value = {ConstraintViolationException.class})
public HttpResult<Object> jsr303ValidException(ConstraintViolationException e) {
HttpResult<Object> data = HttpResult.builder()
.code("400")
.message(e.getMessage())
.build();
log.warn("参数校验错误: {}", data);
return data;
}
}
四、分组解决校验
//1、定义Groups
public class Groups {
public interface Add{}
public interface Update{}
}
//2、定义接口Validated的Groups
@RequestMapping(value = "/queryMan", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Man queryMan(@Validated(Groups.Add.class) Man man, BindingResult bindingResult) {
return man;
}
//3、实体类定义groups
@Getter
@Setter
public class Man{
@NotNull(message = "name cannot not null",groups = Groups.Add.class)
@Null(message = "name must null",groups = Groups.Update.class)
private String name;
@Email
private String email;
}
五、自定义校验注解
//1、创建自定义注解
import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
/**
* 无敏感词校验注解
*/
@Documented
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = NoSensitiveWordsValidator.class)
public @interface NoSensitiveWords {
String message() default "包含敏感词";
Class<?>[] groups() default {};
Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}
//2、自定义注解对应的校验类
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 敏感词校验逻辑
**/
public class NoSensitiveWordsValidator implements ConstraintValidator<NoSensitiveWords, String> {
@Override
public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
if (value == null || "".equals(value.trim())) {
return true;
}
// 这里只简单举例校验
Set<String> sensitiveWords = new HashSet<>();
sensitiveWords.add("毛泽东");
sensitiveWords.add("邓小平");
for (String word : sensitiveWords) {
if (value.contains(word)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
//3、在类属性或方法入参上使用自定义注解
@Data
public class Account {
/** 昵称 */
@Length(min = 2, max = 20)
@NoSensitiveWords
private String nickName;
}
六、国际化
标签需要加在属性上,NotEmpty标签String的参数不能为空
@Data
public class DemoDto {
@NotEmpty(message = "{demo.key.null}")
@Length(min = 5, max = 25, message = "{demo.key.length}")
private String key;
}
添加上ValidationMessages文件
国际化配置文件必须放在classpath的根目录下,即src/java/resources的根目录下。 国际化配置文件必须以ValidationMessages开头,比如ValidationMessages.properties 或者 ValidationMessages_en.properties。
demo.key.null=demo的key不能为空,这里是validationMessage
demo.key.length=demo的key长度不正确
返回结果
{
"code": 500,
"msg": "demo的key不能为空,这里是validationMessage;",
"content": null
}
自定义properties文件 SpringBoot 国际化验证 @Validated 的 message 国际化资源文件默认必须放在 resources/ValidationMessages.properties 中。 想把资源文件放到 resources/message/messages_zh.properties 中,需要重写WebMvcConfigurerAdapter 的 getValidator 方法,但WebMvcConfigurerAdapter在springboot2中已经废弃了,可以改为使用WebMvcConfigurationSupport。
@Configuration
public class ValidatorConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
@Autowired
private MessageSource messageSource;
@Override
public Validator getValidator() {
return validator();
}
@Bean
public Validator validator() {
LocalValidatorFactoryBean validator = new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
validator.setValidationMessageSource(messageSource);
return validator;
}
}
最后得到结果为:
{
"code": 500,
"msg": "demo的key不能为空ID:{0};",
"content": null
}
注意:本文归作者所有,未经作者允许,不得转载